Biosystems Engineering and Renewable Energies

A multidisciplinary Journal in the field of Agricultural Engineering

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

News

Energy and exergy analysis of a single-cylinder diesel engine fueled with biodiesel derived from waste oil

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 BioSystems Engineering Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Biodiesel, as a renewable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional diesel fuel, has gained significant attention due to its potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the depletion of fossil fuel reserves. In this study, statistical analysis was employed to evaluate the performance of a diesel engine using different biodiesel fuels, engine load, and engine speed, along with their interactions in terms of exergy efficiency. The first and second laws of thermodynamics were applied to analyze the energy and exergy of a direct injection, four-stroke, single-cylinder, air-cooled diesel engine. Biodiesel fuel was prepared from waste cooking oil, and factorial experiments were conducted with a completely randomized design at engine speeds of 1800-2200 rpm, with five levels of biodiesel fuel blend. Diesel and biodiesel fuel blends, with biodiesel content ranging from 0% (B0) to 20% (B20), were tested under 50% and 100% engine loads to apply the first and second laws of thermodynamics. The interaction of independent parameters on energy and exergy parameters for the controllable volume of the diesel engine was investigated using data obtained from the experiments. The results showed that engine speed and biodiesel fuel composition significantly affected exergy efficiency at the 1% level. Additionally, triple interactions of independent variables were significant only for engine cooling exergy (heat loss exergy) and not for other dependent variables. Similar trends were observed for energy efficiency.

Highlights

  • Biodiesel, a sustainable alternative to diesel fuel, was studied using a numerical thermodynamic model to predict engine performance and reduce emissions.
  • The model analyzed the energy and exergy of a diesel engine under various operating conditions, including different biodiesel blends, engine loads, and speeds.
  • The study found that engine speed and biodiesel fuel composition significantly impacted exergy efficiency, while triple interactions influenced engine cooling exergy.
  • By applying thermodynamic principles, the research aimed to optimize engine efficiency and reduce environmental impact through the utilization of biodiesel fuels.

Keywords

References
Bahoosh, R., Sedeh Ghahfarokhi, M. & Saffarian, M. (2018). Energy and exergy analysis of a diesel engine running with biodiesel fuel. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Research, 5(2), 95-104.
Baskar, P. & Senthilkumar, A. (2016). Effects of oxygen enriched combustion on pollution and performance characteristics of a diesel engine. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 19(1), 438-443.
Canakci, M. & Hosoz, M. (2006). Energy and exergy analyses of a diesel engine fuelled with various biodiesels. Energy Sources, Part B, 1(4), pp.379-394.
Çaynak, S., Gürü, M., Biçer, A., Keskin, A. & İçingür, Y. (2009). Biodiesel production from pomace oil and improvement of its properties with synthetic manganese additive. Fuel, 88(3), 534-538.
Demirbas, A. (2008) Biodiesel: A realistic fuel alternative for diesel engines. London: Springer-Verlag.
Dwivedi, G., & Sharma, M. P. (2014). Impact of cold flow properties of biodiesel on engine performance. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 31, 650-656.
Gavhane, R., S., Kate, A. M., Pawar, A., Safaei, M. R., Soudagar, M. E., Abbas, M. M., Ali, H. M., Banapurmath, N. R., Goodarzi, M., Badruddin, I. A. & Ahmed, W. (2020). Effect of zinc oxide nano-additives and soybean biodiesel at varying loads and compression ratios on VCR diesel engine characteristics. Symmetry, 12(6), 1042.
Ghobadian, B. & Khatamifar, M. (2005). Producing Biodiesel from Waste Edible Oils. In Proceedings of the 2nd National Conference on Agricultural Products Losses (pp. 14-17).
Gupta, A., Ratnakar, K. & Rao, D. G. (2023). Performance study on waste cooking oil methyl ester biodiesel with diesel engine.  International Journal of Engineering Research and Application, 6, 135-142.
Gnanamani, S., Gaikwad, P.U., Subramaniam, L. & Chandralingam, R. (2022). Exergy analysis in diesel engine with binary blends. Thermal Science, 26, 353-362.
Hájek, M., Vávra, A., de Paz Carmona, H. & Kocík, J. (2021). The catalysed transformation of vegetable oils or animal fats to biofuels and bio-lubricants: a review. Catalysts, 11(9), 1118.
Hassan, M. H. & Kalam, M. A. (2013). An overview of biofuel as a renewable energy source: development and challenges. Procedia engineering, 56, 39-53.
López, I., Quintana, C. E., Ruiz, J. J., Cruz-Peragón, F. & Dorado, M. P. (2014). Effect of the use of olive–pomace oil biodiesel/diesel fuel blends in a compression ignition engine: Preliminary exergy analysis. Energy Conversion and Management, 85, 227-233.
Iortyer, H. A. & Bwonsi, L. (2017). Energy and Exergy Analysis of a CI engine fuelled with biodiesel fuel from palm kernel oil and its blends with petroleum diesel. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 4(7), 237214.
Khoobbakht, G., Akram, A., Karimi, M. & Najafi, G. (2016). Exergy and energy analysis of combustion of blended levels of biodiesel, ethanol and diesel fuel in a DI diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 99, 720-729.
Mahapatra, S., Kumar, D., Singh, B. & Sachan, P. K. (2021). Biofuels and their sources of production: A review on cleaner sustainable alternative against conventional fuel, in the framework of the food and energy nexus. Energy Nexus, 4, 100036.
Mostafaei, B., Ghobadian, B., Barzegar, M. & Banakar, A. (2013). Optimization of ultrasonic reactor geometry for biodiesel production using response surface methodology. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 15(4), 697-708.
Michalakakis, C. & Cullen, J.M. (2022). Dynamic exergy analysis: From industrial data to exergy flows. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 26(1), 12-26.
Najafi, G., 2018. Diesel engine combustion characteristics using nano-particles in biodiesel-diesel blends. Fuel, 212, 668-678.
Royon, D., Daz, M., Ellenrieder, G. & Locatelli, S. (2007). Enzymatic production of biodiesel from cotton seed oil using t-butanol as a solvent. Bioresource Technology, 98(3), 648-653.
Sciubba, E., 2021. A thermodynamic measure of sustainability. Frontiers in Sustainability, 2, p.739395.
Sekmen, P. & Yılbaşı, Z. (2011). Application of energy and exergy analyses to a CI engine using biodiesel fuel. Mathematical and Computational Applications, 16(4), 797-808.
Tat, M. E. (2011). Cetane number effect on the energetic and exergetic efficiency of a diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel. Fuel Processing Technology, 92(7), 1311-1321.
Van Gerpen, J., Shanks, B., Pruszko, R., Clements, D. & Knothe, G. (2004). Biodiesel Production Technology. National Renewable Energy Lab.
Xue, Y., Dai, B., Chen, Y., Zhang, L., He, G. & Zhang, Z. (2020). Experimental study on the mechanical properties and damage evolution of hollow cylindrical granite specimens subjected to cyclic coupled static‐dynamic loads. Geofluids, 2020(1), 8881936.
Biosystems Engineering and Renewable Energies
Volume 1, Issue 1
January 2025
Pages 64-69
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics